Selenium is a powerful tool for controlling web browser through program. It is functional for all browsers, works on all major OS and its scripts are written in various languages i.e Python, Java, C# etc, we will be working with Python.
Mastering Selenium will help you automate your day to day tasks like controlling your tweets, Whatsapp texting and even just googling without actually opening a browser in just 15-30 lines of python code. The limits of automation is endless with selenium.
Installation
1.1 Selenium Bindings in Python
Selenium Python bindings provide a convenient API to access Selenium Web Driver like Firefox,Chrome,etc.
pip install Selenium
1.2 Web Drivers
Selenium requires a web driver to interface with the chosen browser.Web drivers is a package to interact with web browser. It interacts with the web browser or a remote web server through a wire protocol which is common to all. You can check out and install the web drivers of your browser choice.
Chrome- https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/downloads
Safari- https://webkit.org/blog/6900/webdriver-support-in-safari-10/
Firefox- https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases
[code]from selenium import webdriver
# For using sleep function because selenium
# works only when the all the elemets of the
# page is loaded.
import time
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
# Creating an instance webdriver
browser = webdriver.Firefox()
browser.get(‘https://www.twitter.com’)
# Let’s the user see and also load the element
time.sleep(2)
login = browser.find_elements_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="doc"]/div[1]/div/div[1]/div[2]/a[3]’)
# using the click function which is similar to a click in mouse.
login[0].click()
print("Loggin in Twitter")
user = browser.find_elements_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="login-dialog-dialog"]/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]/form/div[1]/input’)
# Enter User Name
user[0].send_keys(‘USER-NAME’)
user = browser.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="login-dialog-dialog"]/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]/form/div[2]/input’)
# Reads password from a text file because
# saving the password in a script is just silly.
with open(‘test.txt’, ‘r’) as myfile:
Password = myfile.read().replace(‘\n’, ”)
user.send_keys(Password)
LOG = browser.find_elements_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="login-dialog-dialog"]/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]/form/input[1]’)
LOG[0].click()
print("Login Sucessfull")
time.sleep(5)
elem = browser.find_element_by_name("q")
elem.click()
elem.clear()
elem.send_keys("Geeks for geeks ")
# using keys to send special KEYS
elem.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)
print("Search Sucessfull")
# closing the browser
browser.close()
[/code]
Dissecting the code
The above script is for logging into twitter and searching for geeks for geeks handle.
So let’s see how it works:
1. Opening the browser
2. Creating a browser instance and using the using the .get function to connect the website.
3. Finding the element this can be anything finding the input box or a button and using the selenium function like click(), send_keys() etc to interact with the element.
4. Closing the browser
As of now you must have realized this automation script works in an iterative manner of finding an element and interacting with it. There are various ways of finding an element in the web page, you just right click and inspect element and copy element either by name, css selector or xpath.
Well that’s basically it using this you can create a custom automated script for every single website or a universal one for all your social media which automates all your actions.
There is no limit to automation and the above is just an example to get you guys started.So happy coding !